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Reported speech (2)
It is not always necessary to change the verb when you use reported speech. If you are reporting something and you feel that it is still true, you do not need to change the tense of the verb:
Direct Tom said, “
Reported Tom said (that)
Direct Ann said, “I want to go to
Reported Ann said (that) she wants (or wanted) to go to
Notice that it is also correct to change the verb into the past.
But you must use a past tense when there is a difference between what was said and what is really true. Study this example situation:
You met Ann. She said, “Jim is sick.” (Direct speech)
Later that day you see Jim playing tennis and looking fine. You say:
“I’m surprised to see you playing tennis, Jim. Ann said that you were sick.”
(Not that you are sick, because he isn’t sick)
Must, might, could, would, should, and ought stay the same in reported speech. May in
Direct speech normally changes to might in reported speech.
Say and tell
If you say who you are talking to, use tell:
• Tom told me (that) he didn’t like Brian. (Not Tom said me...) Otherwise use say:
• Tom said (that) he didn’t like Brian. (Not Tom told (that) he. ...) also: you can’t say “Tom told about his trip to
• Tom told us (or me/them/Ann, etc.) about his trip to
• Tom talked (or spoke) about his trip to
We also use the infinitive (to do/to stay, etc.) in reported speech, especially with tell and
Ask (for orders and requests):
“Stay in bed for a few days,” the doctor said to me.
The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days.
“Don’t shout,” I said to Jim.
I told Jim not to shout.
“Please don’t tell anyone what happened,” she said to me.
Ann asked me not to tell anyone what (had) happened.
“Can you open the door for me, Tom?” Ann asked.
Ann asked Tom to open the door for her.
Said is also possible with the
• The doctor said to stay in bed for a few days. (But not said me)
سلام.
مرسی از این آموزشگاه. من قبلا کانون زبان ایران می رفتم اما دیگه خسته شدم و ترجیح دادم خودم بخونم. واقعا به چنین روشهای جدیدی نیاز هست.
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سلام همدانشگاهی ...فکرکنم شما جزو دانشجویان ITهستید؟؟؟؟ممنون که سرزدید بازم بیاید و از مشکلات دانشگاه بگید...ممنون.موفق باشید
سلام من از دانشگاه رامین از اهواز هستم. ما در دانشگاه رامین یک کانون زبان داریم که به دانشجویان اموزش زبان می دهیم اما مشکل مدرک داریم از موسسه شما تقاضا دارم اگر امکان دارد در ازای مبلغی البته نه چندان زیاد برای این دانشجویان مدرک صادر نمایند البته ما امتحانات استاندارد این موسسه را برکزار می نماییم ونیز تبلیغات گسترده هم برای شما انجام می دهیم.لطفا به من ایمیل بزنید.