Have and have got

Have / has / had= possess, but we also use have for other things (for example, family relationships):

• We have a new car.

• I have a brother and two sisters.

• Tom has a headache!/ a cold /the flu / etc.

• When she was a child, she had long blonde hair.         

Have got / has got

 You can use have got / has got rather than have/ has alone:

• We’ve got a new car. (= We have a new car.)

• Tom has got a headache. (= Tom has a hcadache.) ]

The question and negative forms are:

• Have you got a headache? (= do you have)

• Has she got any brothers or sisters? (= does she have)

• I haven’t got any money. (= I don’t have)

• Ann hasn’t got a car. (Ann doesn’t have)

 But don’t use got for the past:

• When she was a child, she had long blonde hair. (not she had got)

(You cannot use have got in these expressions.)دقت کنید.در مثالهای زیر از Have got نمیتوانیم استفاده کنیم.

• I always have a big breakfast in the morning. (not have got)

• Did you have a good time last night?

• We’re having a party on Saturday. Would you like to come?

•  What time does Ann usually have lunch?

Visiting the Statue of Liberty

Reading

A  visit to the Statue of Liberty is an inspiring experience for both americans and immigrants. It was a gift from the French people to commemorate the hundredth of the United States, since France had helped the American colonies gain their independence from England during the Revolutionary War. For the many immigrants who come to the United States through New York, the Statue of Liberty, holding up her torch, symbolizes a welcome to a land of freedom and possibilities for a better life

When and If sentences (When I do.../If l do...)

Study this example:

A: What time will you call me tonight?

B: I’ll call you when I get home from work.

“I’ll call you when I get home from work” is a sentence with two parts: “I’ll call you” (the main part) and “when I get home from work” (the when part). The sen tence is future (tonight), but you cannot use will or going to in the when part of the sentence. Instead we use a present tense, usually simple present (I do).

•I can’t talk to you now. I’ll talk to you later when I have more time. (not when I’ll have)

• When the rain stops, we’ll go out. (not when the rain will stop)

The same thing happens after:

while    after    before    until/till        as soon as

•Can you take care of the children while I am out? (not will be)

• Before you leave, you must visit the museum. (not will leave)

• Wait here untill I come back. (not will come)

 You can also use the present perfect (I have done) after when/after/until, etc., to shos that the first action will be finished before the second:

•After I’ve read this hook, you can have it.

• Don’t say anything while Tom is here. Wait until he has gone.

It is often possible to use either the simple present or the present perfect:

• I’ll come as soon as I finish, or I’ll come as soon as I’ve finished.

• You’ll feel better when you have something to eat. or You’ll feel better when you’ve had something to eat.         

After if we also use the simple present (I do) for the future:

• It’s raining. We’ll get wet if we go out. (not if we will go)

• Hurry up! If we don’t hurry, we’ll he late. (not if we won’t hurry)

Be careful not to confuse when and if. Use when for things that are sure to happen:

I’m going shopping this afternoon. When I go shopping, I’ll buy some food.

If and wish sentences (present

Study this example situation:

Tom wants to call Sue, but he can’t because he doesn’t know her telephone  number.

He says:

If I knew her number, I would call her.

Tom says “If I knew her number…" This tells us that he doesn’t know her number.

He is imagining the situation. The real situation is that he doesn’t know her number.

When you imagine a situation like this, you use a past tense form (“I did / I had /1 knew,” etc.) after if. But the meaning is present, not past:

• Tom would travel if he had more money. (but he doesn’t have much money)

• If I didn’t want to go, I wouldn’t. (but I want to go)

• We wouldn’t have any money if we didn’t work. (but we work)

We also use the past for a present situation after wish. We use wish to say that we regret something, that something is not as we would like it to be:

• I wish I knew Sue’s telephone number. (I don’t know it.)

•Do you ever wish you could fly? (You can’t fly.)

•I wish it didn’t rain so much in this city. (It rains a lot.)

It’s crowded here. I wish there weren’t so many people. (There are a lot of people.)

•I wish I didn’t have to work. (I have to work.)

In if sentences and after wish we use were instead of was:

• If I were you, I wouldn’t buy that coat. (hut I am not you)

• I’d go out if it weren’t raining. (but it is raining)

• I wish my room were larger. (but it isn’t very large)

Do not use would in the if part of the sentence or after wish:

• If I were rich, I would buy a castle. (not if I would be rich)

• I wish I were taller. (not I wish I would he taller.)

 But sometimes I wish. . . would.. . is possible.

تیغ جراحی

سلام.

هفته آینده یکشنبه دارم میرم زیر تیغ جراحی.منتظرم میمونید؟ بر میگردم و دوباره آموزش زبان انگلیسی رو  ادامه میدم.منتظرم بمونید.من دوباره میام.این شعر رو به همه دوستان عزیزی که از این وب لاگ بازدید میکنند تقدیم میکنم:

You're My Heart, You're My Soul

Deep in my heart - there's a fire - a burning heart
Deep in my heart - there's desire - for a start
I'm dying in emotion
It's my world in fantasy
I'm living in my, living in my dreams

You're my heart, you're my soul
I'll keep it shining everywhere I go
You're my heart, you're my soul
I'll be holding you forever
Stay with you together

Your my heart, you're my soul
Yeah, I'm feeling that our love will grow
You're my heart, you're my soul
That's the only thing I really know

Let's close the door and believe my burning heart
Feeling alright come on open up your heart
Keep the candles burning
Let your body melt in mine
I'm living in my, living in my dreams

You're my heart, you're my soul
I'll keep it shining everywhere I go
You're my heart, you're my soul
I'll be holding you forever
Stay with you together

Your my heart, you're my soul
Yeah, I'm feeling that our love will grow
You're my heart, you're my soul
That's the only thing I really know

You're my heart, you're my soul
I'll keep it shining everywhere I go
You're my heart, you're my soul
I'll be holding you forever
Stay with you together

Your my heart, you're my soul
Yeah, I'm feeling that our love will grow
You're my heart, you're my soul
That's the only thing I really know

If and wish sentences (past)

Study this example situation: این مثال را بخوانید

Last month Ann was sick. Tom didn’t know this, and he didn’t go to see her. They met again after Ann got better. Tom said:

If I had known that you were sick, I would have gone to see you.

The real situation was that Tom didn’t know Ann was sick. So he says if I had known... When you are talking about the past, you use the past perfect (I had done/I had been/I had known, etc.) after if.

• If I had seen you when you passed me in the street, I would have said hello. (but I didn’t see you)

• I would have gone out if I hadn’t been so tired. (but I was too tired)

• If he had been looking where he was going, he wouldn’t have walked into the wall. (but he wasn’t looking)

Do not use would (have) in the If part of the sentence:

• If I had seen you, I would have said hello (not it I would have seen)

• If I’d seen (= had seen) you, I’d have said (= would have said) hello.

Use the past perfect (I had done) after wish when you say that you regret something

Happened or didn’t happen in the past: بعد از wish   ماضی بعید استفاده کنید برای بیان چیزی که در گذشته اتفاق نیفتاده است و یا اتفاق افتاده و شما برای اینکه اتفاق نیفتاده ناراحت هستید.

• I wish I had known that Ann was sick. I would have gone to see her. (I didn’t know that she was sick.)

• I feel sick. I wish I hadn’t eaten so much. (I ate too much.)

• Do you wish you had studied science instead of languages? (You didn’t study science.)

• The weather was terrible. I wish it had been warmer. (It wasn’t warm.)

 You cannot use would have after wish:

• I wish it had been warmer. (Not would have been)

Might have and could have are possible instead of would have:

• If we’d played better, we might have won. (= perhaps we would have won)

• We could have gone out if the weather hadn’t been so had. (= we would have been able to go out)

If sentences (present/future)

Compare these exaples:

Tom: I think I left my lighter at your house.Have you seen it?

Peggy: No, but I will look.If I find it , I will give it to you.

In this example there is a real possible that  Peggy will find the ligher. So she says If I find….

 

Debbie: If I found 1000$ on the street , I would keep it.

This is a different type of situation.  

در مثال اولی Peggy  به احتمال زیاد (It is possible that …)  فندک Tom را پیدا کنه.ولی در مثال دومی Debbie  تصور می کنه اگر 1000$ پول پبدا کنه با اون چیکار میکنه.به این نکته توجه کنید تصور میکنه که اگه چنین چیزی برای او پیش بیاد چیکار خواهد کرد.

When we imagine a future happening like this, we use a past tence form (did/came/found,etc) after if, but the meaning is not past:

Peggy wouln’t lend me any money If I asked her.

What would you do if you won a million dollars?

 

We do not use would in the if part of the sentece:

I’d be very frightened if someone pointed a gun at em. (not if someone would..)

 

Sometimes it is possibile to to say if…would when you ask someone in a formal way.

از کسی رسمی چیزی را در خواست میکنید:

I would be very grateful if you would send me you brochure and price list as soon as possibile.

 

You can also use could and might:

They might be angry if I did not visit them.

If it stopped raining we could go out.

Cheerio.

سلام.
راستشو بخواین این روزها سرم مشغول امتحانات و خوب دیگه یکم فرصت نمی کنم آپ دیت کنم ولی قول می دم فردا با یک درس توپ برگردم.

از همه دوستانی که از این وبلاگ بازدید می کنند ممنونم.  امید وارم بتونم مطالب به درد بخوری رو برای شما عزیزان بنویسم.
فعلا.بای

Should

به مثال زیر توجه کنید:

Tom has just come back from movies.

Ann: hello, Tom. Did you enjoy the movie?

Tom: Yes, it was great. You should go and see it.

Tom is advising Ann to go and see the movie. “You should go “means that it would be a good thing to do.

تام به آن پیشنهاد میکند که آن فیلم را ببیند.مهمولا از should زمانی ایتفاده میکنیم که انجام دادن چیزی خوب است یا بهترین عمل برای انجام است.( The right thing to do)

The government should do something about the economy.

“Should we invite Sue to the party?” “Yes, I think we should.”

              

“You shouldn’t do “means that it is not a good thing to do.

You’ve been coughing a lot lately. You shouldn’t smoke too much.

Tom really shouldn’t go out. He has a lot of homework to do.

 

Should is not as strong as must:

You should stop smoking. (=It would be a good idea.)

You must stop smoking. (=It is necessary that you stop.)
...

Passive 2

Passive 2(be done/have been done)

Active: We can solve this problem.

Passive: This problem can be solved.

در مجهول کردن دقت داشته باشید که باید از اسم مفعول افعال(حالت سوم فعل مثلا: be   was/were been  ) استفاده کنید.به مثالهای زیر توجه کنید:

The new hotel will be opened next year.

George might be sent to Venezuela by his company in August.

This room is going to be painted next week.

Go away! I want to be left alone.

 

Active: Somebody should have cleaned the window yesterday.

Passive: The window should have been cleaned yesterday.

My bicycle has disappeared. It must have been stolen.

She wouldn’t have been injured if she had been wearing a seat belt.

The weather was terrible. The tennis match should have been canceled.

تا درس بعدی Cheerio

 

                                                                             Irregular Verbs A-C 

Base Form	Past Simple	Past Participle
awake	awoke	awoken
be	was, were	been
beat	beat	beaten
become	became	become
begin	began	begun
bend	bent	bent
bet	bet	bet
bid	bid	bid
bite	bit	bitten
blow	blew	blown
break	broke	broken
bring	brought	brought
broadcast	broadcast	broadcast
build	built	built
burn	burned/burnt	burned/burnt
buy	bought	bought
catch	caught	caught
choose	chose	chosen
come	came	come
cost	cost	cost
cut	cut	cut

Passive 1(be done/have been done)

This house built in 1920.

این یک جمله مجهول است.مقایسه کنید:

Somebody built this house in 1920. (Active)

This house was built in 1920. (Passive)

معمولا زمانی از مجهول استفاده میکنیم که مهم نباشد چه کسی یا چه چیزی عمل مورد نظر را انجام داده است.در مثال فوق مهم نیست که چه کسی آن خانه را ساخته است.

در جمله مجهول اگر میخواهید بگویید که چه کسی یا چه چیزی باعث انجام کار مورد نظر شده است از by استفاده کنید:

This house was built by my grandfather. (=my grandfather built it.)

Have you ever bitten by a dog? (=has a dog ever bitten you?)

In passive sentence we use the correct form of be (is/are/was/were/has been, etc.)+the past participle:

(Be) done       (be) cleaned        (be) damaged      (be) built       (be) seen      

سعی خواهم کرد به زودی لیست افعال بی قاعده را هم به مطالب این وبلاگ اضافه کنم.درس Passive هنوز ادامه دارد.پس تا ادامه درس   Cheerio  

 

آموزش اصطلاحات زبان انگلیسی

A proper / right charley هالو

  Once in a while هر از چند گاهی

Horses for courses هر کسی را بهر کاربی ساخته اند

A big head has a big ache هر که بامش بیش برفش بیشتر

Go with the ride   هم رنگ جماعت شدن

 East, West, home’s best هیچ کجا خانه خود آدم نمیشود

 Tells tales یک کلاغ چهل کلاغ کردن

   Hit the jackpot یک شب پول دار شدن

بعضی وقتها درباره چیزی حرف میزنیم که در گذشته روی داده است:

I arrived at the party.

زمانی از ماضی بعید استفاده میکنیم که چیزی قبل از این زمان رخ داده است.مثلا من میگم زمانیکه من به مهمانی رسیدم سمانه رفته بود.قبل از اینکه من به مهمانی برسم سمانه از اوئنجارفته بود.

When Peggy arrived at the party, Tom had already gone home.

به مثالهای دیگر در این مورد توجه کنید:

When I got home, I found that someone had broken into my apartment and had stolen my fur coat.

George didn’t want to come to the movies with us because he had already seen the film twice.

IT was my first time in an airplane. I was very nervous because I had never flown before

Past perfect (I had done)

I went to a party last week. Tom went to the party too. Tom went home at 10:30, so when I arrived at 11:00, Tom wasn’t there.

When I arrived at the party, Tom wasn’t there. He had gone home.

This is the past perfect (simple) tense:

I/he/she (etc.) had (=I’d/he’d/she’d, etc.)gone

I/he/she (etc.) hadn’t gone

Had you /he/she (etc.) gone?
...